Mysqlpump (1) Linux Manual Page

NAME

mysqlpump – a database backup program

SYNOPSIS

mysqlpump [options] [db_name [tbl_name …]]

DESCRIPTION

: •; mysqlpump Invocation Syntax

: • mysqlpump Option Summary

: • mysqlpump Option Descriptions

: • mysqlpump Object Selection

: • mysqlpump Parallel Processing

: • mysqlpump Restrictions

The mysqlpump client utility performs logical backups, producing a set of SQL statements that can be executed to reproduce the original database object definitions and table data. It dumps one or more MySQL databases for backup or transfer to another SQL server.

mysqlpump features include:

: • Parallel processing of databases, and of objects within databases, to speed up the dump process

: • Better control over which databases and database objects (tables, stored programs, user accounts) to dump

: • Dumping of user accounts as account-management statements (CREATE USER, GRANT) rather than as inserts into the mysql system database

: • Capability of creating compressed output

: • Progress indicator (the values are estimates)

: • For dump file reloading, faster secondary index creation for InnoDB tables by adding indexes after rows are inserted

Note

mysqlpump uses MySQL features introduced in MySQL 5.7, and thus assumes use with MySQL 5.7 or higher.

mysqlpump requires at least the SELECT privilege for dumped tables, SHOW VIEW for dumped views, TRIGGER for dumped triggers, and LOCK TABLES if the –single-transaction option is not used. The SELECT privilege on the mysql system database is required to dump user definitions. Certain options might require other privileges as noted in the option descriptions.

To reload a dump file, you must have the privileges required to execute the statements that it contains, such as the appropriate CREATE privileges for objects created by those statements.

Note

A dump made using PowerShell on Windows with output redirection creates a file that has UTF-16 encoding:

shell> mysqlpump [options] > dump.sql

However, UTF-16 is not permitted as a connection character set (see Section 10.4, “Connection Character Sets and Collations”), so the dump file will not load correctly. To work around this issue, use the –result-file option, which creates the output in ASCII format:

shell> mysqlpump [options] --result-file=dump.sql

mysqlpump Invocation Syntax

By default, mysqlpump dumps all databases (with certain exceptions noted in mysqlpump Restrictions). To specify this behavior explicitly, use the –all-databases option:

shell> mysqlpump --all-databases

To dump a single database, or certain tables within that database, name the database on the command line, optionally followed by table names:

shell> mysqlpump db_name
shell> mysqlpump db_name tbl_name1 tbl_name2 ...

To treat all name arguments as database names, use the –databases option:

shell> mysqlpump --databases db_name1 db_name2 ...

By default, mysqlpump does not dump user account definitions, even if you dump the mysql system database that contains the grant tables. To dump grant table contents as logical definitions in the form of CREATE USER and GRANT statements, use the –users option and suppress all database dumping:

shell> mysqlpump --exclude-databases=% --users

In the preceding command, % is a wildcard that matches all database names for the –exclude-databases option.

mysqlpump supports several options for including or excluding databases, tables, stored programs, and user definitions. See mysqlpump Object Selection.

To reload a dump file, execute the statements that it contains. For example, use the mysql client:

shell> mysqlpump [options] > dump.sql
shell> mysql < dump.sql

The following discussion provides additional mysqlpump usage examples.

To see a list of the options mysqlpump supports, issue the command mysqlpump –help. mysqlpump Option Summary

mysqlpump supports the following options, which can be specified on the command line or in the [mysqlpump] and [client] groups of an option file. (Prior to MySQL 8.0.20, mysqlpump read the [mysql_dump] group rather than [mysqlpump]. As of 8.0.20, [mysql_dump] is still accepted but is deprecated.) For information about option files used by MySQL programs, see Section 4.2.2.2, “Using Option Files”. mysqlpump Option Descriptions

• –help, -?

Display a help message and exit.

• –add-drop-database

Write a DROP DATABASE statement before each CREATE DATABASE statement.

• –add-drop-table

Write a DROP TABLE statement before each CREATE TABLE statement.

• –add-drop-user

Write a DROP USER statement before each CREATE USER statement.

• –add-locks

Surround each table dump with LOCK TABLES and UNLOCK TABLES statements. This results in faster inserts when the dump file is reloaded. See Section 8.2.5.1, “Optimizing INSERT Statements”.

This option does not work with parallelism because INSERT statements from different tables can be interleaved and UNLOCK TABLES following the end of the inserts for one table could release locks on tables for which inserts remain.

–add-locks and –single-transaction are mutually exclusive.

• –all-databases, -A

Dump all databases (with certain exceptions noted in mysqlpump Restrictions). This is the default behavior if no other is specified explicitly.

–all-databases and –databases are mutually exclusive.

Prior to MySQL 8.0, the –routines and –events options for mysqldump and mysqlpump were not required to include stored routines and events when using the –all-databases option: The dump included the mysql system database, and therefore also the mysql.proc and mysql.event tables containing stored routine and event definitions. As of MySQL 8.0, the mysql.event and mysql.proc tables are not used. Definitions for the corresponding objects are stored in data dictionary tables, but those tables are not dumped. To include stored routines and events in a dump made using –all-databases, use the –routines and –events options explicitly.

• –bind-address=ip_address

On a computer having multiple network interfaces, use this option to select which interface to use for connecting to the MySQL server.

• –character-sets-dir=path

The directory where character sets are installed. See Section 10.15, “Character Set Configuration”.

: • –column-statistics Add ANALYZE TABLE statements to the output to generate histogram statistics for dumped tables when the dump file is reloaded. This option is disabled by default because histogram generation for large tables can take a long time.

• –complete-insert

Write complete INSERT statements that include column names.

• –compress, -C

Compress all information sent between the client and the server if possible. See Section 4.2.6, “Connection Compression Control”.

As of MySQL 8.0.18, this option is deprecated. It will be removed in a future MySQL version. See the section called “Legacy Connection Compression Configuration”.

• –compress-output=algorithm

By default, mysqlpump does not compress output. This option specifies output compression using the specified algorithm. Permitted algorithms are LZ4 and ZLIB.

To uncompress compressed output, you must have an appropriate utility. If the system commands lz4 and openssl zlib are not available, MySQL distributions include lz4_decompress and zlib_decompress utilities that can be used to decompress mysqlpump output that was compressed using the –compress-output=LZ4 and –compress-output=ZLIB options. For more information, see lz4_decompress(1), and zlib_decompress(1).

• –compression-algorithms=value The permitted compression algorithms for connections to the server. The available algorithms are the same as for the protocol_compression_algorithms system variable. The default value is uncompressed.

For more information, see Section 4.2.6, “Connection Compression Control”.

This option was added in MySQL 8.0.18.

• –databases, -B

Normally, mysqlpump treats the first name argument on the command line as a database name and any following names as table names. With this option, it treats all name arguments as database names. CREATE DATABASE statements are included in the output before each new database.

–all-databases and –databases are mutually exclusive.

• –debug[=debug_options], -# [debug_options]

Write a debugging log. A typical debug_options string is d:t:o,file_name. The default is d:t:O,/tmp/mysqlpump.trace.

This option is available only if MySQL was built using WITH_DEBUG. MySQL release binaries provided by Oracle are not built using this option.

• –debug-check

Print some debugging information when the program exits.

This option is available only if MySQL was built using WITH_DEBUG. MySQL release binaries provided by Oracle are not built using this option.

• –debug-info, -T

Print debugging information and memory and CPU usage statistics when the program exits.

This option is available only if MySQL was built using WITH_DEBUG. MySQL release binaries provided by Oracle are not built using this option.

• –default-auth=plugin

A hint about which client-side authentication plugin to use. See Section 6.2.17, “Pluggable Authentication”.

• –default-character-set=charset_name

Use charset_name as the default character set. See Section 10.15, “Character Set Configuration”. If no character set is specified, mysqlpump uses utf8.

• –default-parallelism=N

The default number of threads for each parallel processing queue. The default is 2.

The –parallel-schemas option also affects parallelism and can be used to override the default number of threads. For more information, see mysqlpump Parallel Processing.

With –default-parallelism=0 and no –parallel-schemas options, mysqlpump runs as a single-threaded process and creates no queues.

With parallelism enabled, it is possible for output from different databases to be interleaved.

• –defaults-extra-file=file_name

Read this option file after the global option file but (on Unix) before the user option file. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs. file_name is interpreted relative to the current directory if given as a relative path name rather than a full path name.

For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• –defaults-file=file_name

Use only the given option file. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs. file_name is interpreted relative to the current directory if given as a relative path name rather than a full path name.

Exception: Even with –defaults-file, client programs read .mylogin.cnf.

For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• –defaults-group-suffix=str

Read not only the usual option groups, but also groups with the usual names and a suffix of str. For example, mysqlpump normally reads the [client] and [mysqlpump] groups. If the –defaults-group-suffix=_other option is given, mysqlpump also reads the [client_other] and [mysqlpump_other] groups.

For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• –defer-table-indexes

In the dump output, defer index creation for each table until after its rows have been loaded. This works for all storage engines, but for InnoDB applies only for secondary indexes.

This option is enabled by default; use –skip-defer-table-indexes to disable it.

• –events

Include Event Scheduler events for the dumped databases in the output. Event dumping requires the EVENT privileges for those databases.

The output generated by using –events contains CREATE EVENT statements to create the events.

This option is enabled by default; use –skip-events to disable it.

• –exclude-databases=db_list

Do not dump the databases in db_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated database names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –exclude-events=event_list

Do not dump the databases in event_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated event names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –exclude-routines=routine_list

Do not dump the events in routine_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated routine (stored procedure or function) names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –exclude-tables=table_list

Do not dump the tables in table_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated table names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –exclude-triggers=trigger_list

Do not dump the triggers in trigger_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated trigger names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –exclude-users=user_list

Do not dump the user accounts in user_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated account names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –extended-insert=N

Write INSERT statements using multiple-row syntax that includes several VALUES lists. This results in a smaller dump file and speeds up inserts when the file is reloaded.

The option value indicates the number of rows to include in each INSERT statement. The default is 250. A value of 1 produces one INSERT statement per table row.

• –get-server-public-key

Request from the server the public key required for RSA key pair-based password exchange. This option applies to clients that authenticate with the caching_sha2_password authentication plugin. For that plugin, the server does not send the public key unless requested. This option is ignored for accounts that do not authenticate with that plugin. It is also ignored if RSA-based password exchange is not used, as is the case when the client connects to the server using a secure connection.

If –server-public-key-path=file_name is given and specifies a valid public key file, it takes precedence over –get-server-public-key.

For information about the caching_sha2_password plugin, see Section 6.4.1.2, “Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication”.

• –hex-blob

Dump binary columns using hexadecimal notation (for example, ‘abc’ becomes 0x616263). The affected data types are BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB types, BIT, all spatial data types, and other non-binary data types when used with the binary character set.

• –host=host_name, -h host_name

Dump data from the MySQL server on the given host.

• –include-databases=db_list

Dump the databases in db_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated database names. The dump includes all objects in the named databases. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –include-events=event_list

Dump the events in event_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated event names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –include-routines=routine_list

Dump the routines in routine_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated routine (stored procedure or function) names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –include-tables=table_list

Dump the tables in table_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated table names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –include-triggers=trigger_list

Dump the triggers in trigger_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated trigger names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –include-users=user_list

Dump the user accounts in user_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated user names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• –insert-ignore

Write INSERT IGNORE statements rather than INSERT statements.

• –log-error-file=file_name

Log warnings and errors by appending them to the named file. If this option is not given, mysqlpump writes warnings and errors to the standard error output.

• –login-path=name

Read options from the named login path in the .mylogin.cnf login path file. A “login path” is an option group containing options that specify which MySQL server to connect to and which account to authenticate as. To create or modify a login path file, use the mysql_config_editor utility. See mysql_config_editor(1).

For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• –max-allowed-packet=N

The maximum size of the buffer for client/server communication. The default is 24MB, the maximum is 1GB.

• –net-buffer-length=N

The initial size of the buffer for client/server communication. When creating multiple-row INSERT statements (as with the –extended-insert option), mysqlpump creates rows up to N bytes long. If you use this option to increase the value, ensure that the MySQL server net_buffer_length system variable has a value at least this large.

• –no-create-db

Suppress any CREATE DATABASE statements that might otherwise be included in the output.

• –no-create-info, -t

Do not write CREATE TABLE statements that create each dumped table.

• –no-defaults

Do not read any option files. If program startup fails due to reading unknown options from an option file, –no-defaults can be used to prevent them from being read.

The exception is that the .mylogin.cnf file, if it exists, is read in all cases. This permits passwords to be specified in a safer way than on the command line even when –no-defaults is used. (.mylogin.cnf is created by the mysql_config_editor utility. See mysql_config_editor(1).)

For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• –parallel-schemas=[N:]db_list

Create a queue for processing the databases in db_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated database names. If N is given, the queue uses N threads. If N is not given, the –default-parallelism option determines the number of queue threads.

Multiple instances of this option create multiple queues. mysqlpump also creates a default queue to use for databases not named in any –parallel-schemas option, and for dumping user definitions if command options select them. For more information, see mysqlpump Parallel Processing.

• –password[=password], -p[password]

The password of the MySQL account used for connecting to the server. The password value is optional. If not given, mysqlpump prompts for one. If given, there must be no space between –password= or -p and the password following it. If no password option is specified, the default is to send no password.

Specifying a password on the command line should be considered insecure. To avoid giving the password on the command line, use an option file. See Section 6.1.2.1, “End-User Guidelines for Password Security”.

To explicitly specify that there is no password and that mysqlpump should not prompt for one, use the –skip-password option.

• –plugin-dir=dir_name

The directory in which to look for plugins. Specify this option if the –default-auth option is used to specify an authentication plugin but mysqlpump does not find it. See Section 6.2.17, “Pluggable Authentication”.

• –port=port_num, -P port_num

For TCP/IP connections, the port number to use.

• –print-defaults

Print the program name and all options that it gets from option files.

For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• –protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}

The connection protocol to use for connecting to the server. It is useful when the other connection parameters normally result in use of a protocol other than the one you want. For details on the permissible values, see Section 4.2.4, “Connecting to the MySQL Server Using Command Options”.

• –replace

Write REPLACE statements rather than INSERT statements.

• –result-file=file_name

Direct output to the named file. The result file is created and its previous contents overwritten, even if an error occurs while generating the dump.

This option should be used on Windows to prevent newline
characters from being converted to
carriage return/newline sequences.

• –routines

Include stored routines (procedures and functions) for the dumped databases in the output. This option requires the global SELECT privilege.

The output generated by using –routines contains CREATE PROCEDURE and CREATE FUNCTION statements to create the routines.

This option is enabled by default; use –skip-routines to disable it.

• –server-public-key-path=file_name

The path name to a file containing a client-side copy of the public key required by the server for RSA key pair-based password exchange. The file must be in PEM format. This option applies to clients that authenticate with the sha256_password or caching_sha2_password authentication plugin. This option is ignored for accounts that do not authenticate with one of those plugins. It is also ignored if RSA-based password exchange is not used, as is the case when the client connects to the server using a secure connection.

If –server-public-key-path=file_name is given and specifies a valid public key file, it takes precedence over –get-server-public-key.

For sha256_password, this option applies only if MySQL was built using OpenSSL.

For information about the sha256_password and caching_sha2_password plugins, see Section 6.4.1.3, “SHA-256 Pluggable Authentication”, and Section 6.4.1.2, “Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication”.

• –set-charset

Write SET NAMES default_character_set to the output.

This option is enabled by default. To disable it and suppress the SET NAMES statement, use –skip-set-charset.

• –set-gtid-purged=value

This option enables control over global transaction ID (GTID) information written to the dump file, by indicating whether to add a SET @@GLOBAL.gtid_purged statement to the output. This option may also cause a statement to be written to the output that disables binary logging while the dump file is being reloaded.

The following table shows the permitted option values. The default value is AUTO.

`Value`	`Meaning`
OFF	Add no SET statement to the output.
ON	Add a SET statement to the output. An error occurs if GTIDs are not enabled on the server.
AUTO	Add a SET statement to the output if GTIDs are enabled on the server.

The –set-gtid-purged option has the following effect on binary logging when the dump file is reloaded:

: • –set-gtid-purged=OFF: SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN=0; is not added to the output.

: • –set-gtid-purged=ON: SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN=0; is added to the output.

: • –set-gtid-purged=AUTO: SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN=0; is added to the output if GTIDs are enabled on the server you are backing up (that is, if AUTO evaluates to ON).

• –single-transaction

This option sets the transaction isolation mode to REPEATABLE READ and sends a START TRANSACTION SQL statement to the server before dumping data. It is useful only with transactional tables such as InnoDB, because then it dumps the consistent state of the database at the time when START TRANSACTION was issued without blocking any applications.

When using this option, you should keep in mind that only InnoDB tables are dumped in a consistent state. For example, any MyISAM or MEMORY tables dumped while using this option may still change state.

While a –single-transaction dump is in process, to ensure a valid dump file (correct table contents and binary log coordinates), no other connection should use the following statements: ALTER TABLE, CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, RENAME TABLE, TRUNCATE TABLE. A consistent read is not isolated from those statements, so use of them on a table to be dumped can cause the SELECT that is performed by mysqlpump to retrieve the table contents to obtain incorrect contents or fail.

–add-locks and –single-transaction are mutually exclusive.

• –skip-definer

Omit DEFINER and SQL SECURITY clauses from the CREATE statements for views and stored programs. The dump file, when reloaded, creates objects that use the default DEFINER and SQL SECURITY values. See Section 24.6, “Stored Object Access Control”.

• –skip-dump-rows, -d

Do not dump table rows.

• –socket=path, -S path

For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on Windows, the name of the named pipe to use.

On Windows, this option applies only if the server was started with the named_pipe system variable enabled to support named-pipe connections. In addition, the user making the connection must be a member of the Windows group specified by the named_pipe_full_access_group system variable.

• –ssl*

Options that begin with –ssl specify whether to connect to the server using SSL and indicate where to find SSL keys and certificates. See the section called “Command Options for Encrypted Connections”.

• –ssl-fips-mode={OFF|ON|STRICT} Controls whether to enable FIPS mode on the client side. The –ssl-fips-mode option differs from other –ssl-xxx options in that it is not used to establish encrypted connections, but rather to affect which cryptographic operations are permitted. See Section 6.5, “FIPS Support”.

These –ssl-fips-mode values are permitted:

: • OFF: Disable FIPS mode.

: • ON: Enable FIPS mode.

: • STRICT: Enable “strict” FIPS mode.

: Note
If the OpenSSL FIPS Object Module is not available, the only permitted value for –ssl-fips-mode is OFF. In this case, setting –ssl-fips-mode to ON or STRICT causes the client to produce a warning at startup and to operate in non-FIPS mode.

• –tls-ciphersuites=ciphersuite_list

The permissible ciphersuites for encrypted connections that use TLSv1.3. The value is a list of one or more colon-separated ciphersuite names. The ciphersuites that can be named for this option depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL. For details, see Section 6.3.2, “Encrypted Connection TLS Protocols and Ciphers”.

This option was added in MySQL 8.0.16.

• –tls-version=protocol_list

The permissible TLS protocols for encrypted connections. The value is a list of one or more comma-separated protocol names. The protocols that can be named for this option depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL. For details, see Section 6.3.2, “Encrypted Connection TLS Protocols and Ciphers”.

• –triggers

Include triggers for each dumped table in the output.

This option is enabled by default; use –skip-triggers to disable it.

• –tz-utc

This option enables TIMESTAMP columns to be dumped and reloaded between servers in different time zones. mysqlpump sets its connection time zone to UTC and adds SET TIME_ZONE=’+00:00′ to the dump file. Without this option, TIMESTAMP columns are dumped and reloaded in the time zones local to the source and destination servers, which can cause the values to change if the servers are in different time zones. –tz-utc also protects against changes due to daylight saving time.

This option is enabled by default; use –skip-tz-utc to disable it.

• –user=user_name, -u user_name

The user name of the MySQL account to use for connecting to the server.

• –users

Dump user accounts as logical definitions in the form of CREATE USER and GRANT statements.

User definitions are stored in the grant tables in the mysql system database. By default, mysqlpump does not include the grant tables in mysql database dumps. To dump the contents of the grant tables as logical definitions, use the –users option and suppress all database dumping:

shell> mysqlpump --exclude-databases=% --users

• –version, -V

Display version information and exit.

• –watch-progress

Periodically display a progress indicator that provides information about the completed and total number of tables, rows, and other objects.

This option is enabled by default; use –skip-watch-progress to disable it.

• –zstd-compression-level=level The compression level to use for connections to the server that use the zstd compression algorithm. The permitted levels are from 1 to 22, with larger values indicating increasing levels of compression. The default zstd compression level is 3. The compression level setting has no effect on connections that do not use zstd compression.

For more information, see Section 4.2.6, “Connection Compression Control”.

This option was added in MySQL 8.0.18.

mysqlpump Object Selection

mysqlpump has a set of inclusion and exclusion options that enable filtering of several object types and provide flexible control over which objects to dump:

: • –include-databases and –exclude-databases apply to databases and all objects within them.

: • –include-tables and –exclude-tables apply to tables. These options also affect triggers associated with tables unless the trigger-specific options are given.

: • –include-triggers and –exclude-triggers apply to triggers.

: • –include-routines and –exclude-routines apply to stored procedures and functions. If a routine option matches a stored procedure name, it also matches a stored function of the same name.

: • –include-events and –exclude-events apply to Event Scheduler events.

: • –include-users and –exclude-users apply to user accounts.

Any inclusion or exclusion option may be given multiple times. The effect is additive. Order of these options does not matter.

The value of each inclusion and exclusion option is a list of comma-separated names of the appropriate object type. For example:

--exclude-databases=test,world
--include-tables=customer,invoice

Wildcard characters are permitted in the object names:

: • % matches any sequence of zero or more characters.

: • _ matches any single character.

For example, –include-tables=t%,__tmp matches all table names that begin with t and all five-character table names that end with tmp.

For users, a name specified without a host part is interpreted with an implied host of %. For example, u1 and u1@% are equivalent. This is the same equivalence that applies in MySQL generally (see Section 6.2.4, “Specifying Account Names”).

Inclusion and exclusion options interact as follows:

: • By default, with no inclusion or exclusion options, mysqlpump dumps all databases (with certain exceptions noted in mysqlpump Restrictions).

: • If inclusion options are given in the absence of exclusion options, only the objects named as included are dumped.

: • If exclusion options are given in the absence of inclusion options, all objects are dumped except those named as excluded.

: • If inclusion and exclusion options are given, all objects named as excluded and not named as included are not dumped. All other objects are dumped.

If multiple databases are being dumped, it is possible to name tables, triggers, and routines in a specific database by qualifying the object names with the database name. The following command dumps databases db1 and db2, but excludes tables db1.t1 and db2.t2:

shell> mysqlpump --include-databases=db1,db2 --exclude-tables=db1.t1,db2.t2

The following options provide alternative ways to specify which databases to dump:

• The –all-databases option dumps all databases (with certain exceptions noted in mysqlpump Restrictions). It is equivalent to specifying no object options at all (the default mysqlpump action is to dump everything).

–include-databases=% is similar to –all-databases, but selects all databases for dumping, even those that are exceptions for –all-databases.

: • The –databases option causes mysqlpump to treat all name arguments as names of databases to dump. It is equivalent to an –include-databases option that names the same databases.

mysqlpump Parallel Processing

mysqlpump can use parallelism to achieve concurrent processing. You can select concurrency between databases (to dump multiple databases simultaneously) and within databases (to dump multiple objects from a given database simultaneously).

By default, mysqlpump sets up one queue with two threads. You can create additional queues and control the number of threads assigned to each one, including the default queue:

• –default-parallelism=N specifies the default number of threads used for each queue. In the absence of this option, N is 2.

The default queue always uses the default number of threads. Additional queues use the default number of threads unless you specify otherwise.

• –parallel-schemas=[N:]db_list sets up a processing queue for dumping the databases named in db_list and optionally specifies how many threads the queue uses. db_list is a list of comma-separated database names. If the option argument begins with N:, the queue uses N threads. Otherwise, the –default-parallelism option determines the number of queue threads.

Multiple instances of the –parallel-schemas option create multiple queues.

Names in the database list are permitted to contain the same % and _ wildcard characters supported for filtering options (see mysqlpump Object Selection).

mysqlpump uses the default queue for processing any databases not named explicitly with a –parallel-schemas option, and for dumping user definitions if command options select them.

In general, with multiple queues, mysqlpump uses parallelism between the sets of databases processed by the queues, to dump multiple databases simultaneously. For a queue that uses multiple threads, mysqlpump uses parallelism within databases, to dump multiple objects from a given database simultaneously. Exceptions can occur; for example, mysqlpump may block queues while it obtains from the server lists of objects in databases.

With parallelism enabled, it is possible for output from different databases to be interleaved. For example, INSERT statements from multiple tables dumped in parallel can be interleaved; the statements are not written in any particular order. This does not affect reloading because output statements qualify object names with database names or are preceded by USE statements as required.

The granularity for parallelism is a single database object. For example, a single table cannot be dumped in parallel using multiple threads.

Examples:

shell> mysqlpump --parallel-schemas=db1,db2 --parallel-schemas=db3

mysqlpump sets up a queue to process db1 and db2, another queue to process db3, and a default queue to process all other databases. All queues use two threads.

shell> mysqlpump --parallel-schemas=db1,db2 --parallel-schemas=db3
         --default-parallelism=4

This is the same as the previous example except that all queues use four threads.

shell> mysqlpump --parallel-schemas=5:db1,db2 --parallel-schemas=3:db3

The queue for db1 and db2 uses five threads, the queue for db3 uses three threads, and the default queue uses the default of two threads.

As a special case, with –default-parallelism=0 and no –parallel-schemas options, mysqlpump runs as a single-threaded process and creates no queues. mysqlpump Restrictions

mysqlpump does not dump the performance_schema, ndbinfo, or sys schema by default. To dump any of these, name them explicitly on the command line. You can also name them with the –databases or –include-databases option.

mysqlpump does not dump the INFORMATION_SCHEMA schema.

mysqlpump does not dump InnoDB CREATE TABLESPACE statements.

mysqlpump dumps user accounts in logical form using CREATE USER and GRANT statements (for example, when you use the –include-users or –users option). For this reason, dumps of the mysql system database do not by default include the grant tables that contain user definitions: user, db, tables_priv, columns_priv, procs_priv, or proxies_priv. To dump any of the grant tables, name the mysql database followed by the table names:

shell> mysqlpump mysql user db ...

COPYRIGHT

This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it only under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.

This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with the program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA or see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.

AUTHOR

Oracle Corporation (http://dev.mysql.com/).

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