Section 1: user commands and tools
du – estimate file space usage Synopsisdu [,OPTION/]… [,FILE/]… du [,OPTION/]… ,–files0-from=F/ DescriptionSummarize disk usage of the set of FILEs, recursively for directories. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -0, –null end each output line with NUL, not newline -a, –all write counts for all files, not just directories –apparent-size…
top – display Linux processes Synopsistop –hv|-bcEeHiOSs1 –d secs –n max –u|U user –p pids –o field –w [cols] The traditional switches `-‘ and whitespace are optional. DescriptionThe top program provides a dynamic real-time view of a running system. It can display system summary information as well as a list of processes or threads currently…
curl – transfer a URL Synopsiscurl [options / URLs] Descriptioncurl is a tool for transferring data from or to a server. It supports these protocols: DICT, FILE, FTP, FTPS, GOPHER, GOPHERS, HTTP, HTTPS, IMAP, IMAPS, LDAP, LDAPS, MQTT, POP3, POP3S, RTMP, RTMPS, RTSP, SCP, SFTP, SMB, SMBS, SMTP, SMTPS, TELNET or TFTP. The command is…
Wget – The non-interactive network downloader. Synopsiswget [option]… [URL]… DescriptionGNU Wget is a free utility for non-interactive download of files from the Web. It supports HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP protocols, as well as retrieval through HTTP proxies. Wget is non-interactive, meaning that it can work in the background, while the user is not logged on….
scp – OpenSSH secure file copy Synopsisscp [-346ABCOpqRrsTv [-c cipher ] ] [-D sftp_server_path ] [-F ssh_config ] [-i identity_file ] [-J destination ] [-l limit ] [-o ssh_option ] [-P port ] [-S program ] source … target Descriptionscp copies files between hosts on a network. It uses ssh(1) for data transfer, and uses…
ssh – OpenSSH remote login client Synopsisssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy [-B bind_interface ] ] [-b bind_address ] [-c cipher_spec ] [-D [bind_address : port ] ] [-E log_file ] [-e escape_char ] [-F configfile ] [-I pkcs11 ] [-i identity_file ] [-J destination ] [-L address ] [-l login_name ] [-m mac_spec ] [-O ctl_cmd ] [-o…
tar – an archiving utility SynopsisTraditional usagetar {A|c|d|r|t|u|x}[GnSkUWOmpsMBiajJzZhPlRvwo] [ARG…] UNIX-style usagetar -A [OPTIONS] ARCHIVE ARCHIVE tar -c [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE…] tar -d [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE…] tar -t [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [MEMBER…] tar -r [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE…] tar -u [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [FILE…] tar -x [-f ARCHIVE] [OPTIONS] [MEMBER…] GNU-style usagetar {–catenate|–concatenate} [OPTIONS]…
tail – output the last part of files Synopsistail [,OPTION/]… [,FILE/]… DescriptionPrint the last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output. With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for…
sed – stream editor for filtering and transforming text Synopsissed [OPTION]… {script-only-if-no-other-script} [input-file]… DescriptionSed is a stream editor. A stream editor is used to perform basic text transformations on an input stream (a file or input from a pipeline). While in some ways similar to an editor which permits scripted edits (such as ed), sed…
gawk – pattern scanning and processing language Synopsisgawk [ POSIX or GNU style options ] -f program-file [ — ] file … gawk [ POSIX or GNU style options ] [ — ] program-text file … DescriptionGawk is the GNU Project’s implementation of the AWK programming language. It conforms to the definition of the language…
rm – remove files or directories Synopsisrm [,OPTION/]… [,FILE/]… DescriptionThis manual page documents the GNU version of rm. rm removes each specified file. By default, it does not remove directories. If the -I or –interactive=once option is given, and there are more than three files or the -r, -R, or –recursive are given, then rm…
ps – report a snapshot of the current processes. Synopsisps [,options/] Descriptionps displays information about a selection of the active processes. If you want a repetitive update of the selection and the displayed information, use top instead. This version of ps accepts several kinds of options: 1 UNIX options, which may be grouped and must…
less – opposite of more Synopsisless -? less –help less -V less –version less [-[+]aABcCdeEfFgGiIJKLmMnNqQrRsSuUVwWX~] [-b space/] [-h lines/] [-j line/] [-k keyfile/] [-{oO} logfile/] [-p pattern/] [-P prompt/] [-t tag/] [-T tagsfile/] [-x tab/,…] [-y lines/] [-[z] lines/] [-# shift/] [+[+]cmd/] [–] [filename/]… (See the OPTIONS section for alternate option syntax with long option…
sort – sort lines of text files Synopsissort [,OPTION/]… [,FILE/]… sort [,OPTION/]… ,–files0-from=F/ DescriptionWrite sorted concatenation of all FILE(s) to standard output. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. Ordering options: -b, –ignore-leading-blanks ignore leading blanks -d, –dictionary-order consider only…
rm – remove files or directories Synopsisrm [,OPTION/]… [,FILE/]… DescriptionThis manual page documents the GNU version of rm. rm removes each specified file. By default, it does not remove directories. If the -I or –interactive=once option is given, and there are more than three files or the -r, -R, or –recursive are given, then rm…
ps – report a snapshot of the current processes. Synopsisps [,options/] Descriptionps displays information about a selection of the active processes. If you want a repetitive update of the selection and the displayed information, use top instead. This version of ps accepts several kinds of options: 1 UNIX options, which may be grouped and must…
mv – move (rename) files Synopsismv [,OPTION/]… [,-T/] ,SOURCE DEST/ mv [,OPTION/]… ,SOURCE/… ,DIRECTORY/ mv [,OPTION/]… ,-t DIRECTORY SOURCE/… DescriptionRename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. –backup[=,CONTROL/] make a backup of each existing destination file -b like –backup but does not accept…
mkdir – make directories Synopsismkdir [,OPTION/]… ,DIRECTORY/… DescriptionCreate the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -m, –mode=,MODE/ set file mode (as in chmod), not a=rwx – umask -p, –parents no error if existing, make parent directories as needed -v, –verbose print a message…
less – opposite of more Synopsisless -? less –help less -V less –version less [-[+]aABcCdeEfFgGiIJKLmMnNqQrRsSuUVwWX~] [-b space/] [-h lines/] [-j line/] [-k keyfile/] [-{oO} logfile/] [-p pattern/] [-P prompt/] [-t tag/] [-T tagsfile/] [-x tab/,…] [-y lines/] [-[z] lines/] [-# shift/] [+[+]cmd/] [–] [filename/]… (See the OPTIONS section for alternate option syntax with long option…
kill – send a signal to a process Synopsiskill [options] <pid> […] DescriptionThe default signal for kill is TERM. Use -l or -L to list available signals. Particularly useful signals include HUP, INT, KILL, STOP, CONT, and 0. Alternate signals may be specified in three ways: -9, -SIGKILL or -KILL. Negative PID values may be…