Linux Manuals

nm – list symbols from object files Synopsisnm [-a|–debug-syms] [-g|–extern-only] [-B] [-C|–demangle[=style]] [-D|–dynamic] [-S|–print-size] [-s|–print-armap] [-A|-o|–print-file-name][–special-syms] [-n|-v|–numeric-sort] [-p|–no-sort] [-r|–reverse-sort] [–size-sort] [-u|–undefined-only] [-t radix|–radix=radix] [-P|–portability] [–target=bfdname] [-fformat|–format=format] [–defined-only] [-l|–line-numbers] [–no-demangle] [-V|–version] [-X 32_64] [–help]  [objfile…] DescriptionGNU nm lists the symbols from object files objfile…. If no object files are listed as arguments, nm assumes the file a.out. For each symbol, nm shows: * The symbol value, in the radix selected…

ld – The GNU linker Synopsisld [options] objfile … Descriptionld combines a number of object and archive files, relocates their data and ties up symbol references. Usually the last step in compiling a program is to run ld. ld accepts Linker Command Language files written in a superset of AT&T‘s Link Editor Command Language syntax,…

gprof – display call graph profile data Synopsisgprof [ -[abcDhilLrsTvwxyz] ] [ -[ACeEfFJnNOpPqQZ][name] ]  [ -I dirs ] [ -d[num] ] [ -k from/to ]  [ -m min-count ] [ -R map_file ] [ -t table-length ]  [ –[no-]annotated-source[=name] ]   [ –[no-]exec-counts[=name] ]  [ –[no-]flat-profile[=name] ] [ –[no-]graph[=name] ]  [ –[no-]time=name] [ –all-lines ] [ –brief ]   [ –debug[=level] ] [ –function-ordering ]   [ –file-ordering map_file ] [ –directory-path=dirs ]  [ –display-unused-functions ] [ –file-format=name ]  [ –file-info ] [ –help ] [ –line ] [ –min-count=n ]  [ –no-static ] [ –print-path ] [ –separate-files ]  [ –static-call-graph ] [ –sum ] [ –table-length=len ]  [ –traditional ] [ –version ] [ –width=n ]  [ –ignore-non-functions ] [ –demangle[=STYLE] ]  [ –no-demangle ] [ image-file ] [ profile-file … ] Description"gprof" produces an execution profile of C, Pascal, or Fortran77 programs. The effect of called routines is incorporated in the profile of each caller. The profile…

gcov – coverage testing tool Synopsisgcov [-v|—version] [-h|—help]   [-b|—branch-probabilities] [-c|—branch-counts]   [-n|—no-output] [-l|—long-file-names]   [-f|—function-summaries]   [-o|—object-directory directory] sourcefile Descriptiongcov is a test coverage program. Use it in concert with GCC to analyze your programs to help create more efficient, faster running code. You can use gcov as a profiling tool to help discover where your optimization efforts will best affect your…

gcc – GNU project C and C++ compiler Synopsisgcc [-c|-S|-E] [-std=standard]  [-g] [-pg] [-Olevel]  [-Wwarn…] [-pedantic]  [-Idir…] [-Ldir…]  [-Dmacro[=defn]…] [-Umacro]  [-foption…] [-mmachine-option…]  [-o outfile] infile… Only the most useful options are listed here; see below for the remainder. g++ accepts mostly the same options as gcc. DescriptionWhen you invoke GCC, it normally does preprocessing, compilation, assembly and linking. The “overall options” allow you…

cpp – The C Preprocessor Synopsiscpp [-Dmacro[=defn]…] [-Umacro]  [-Idir…] [-Wwarn…]  [-M|-MM] [-MG] [-MF filename]  [-MP] [-MQ target…] [-MT target…]  [-x language] [-std=standard]  infile outfile Only the most useful options are listed here; see below for the remainder. DescriptionThe C preprocessor, often known as cpp, is a macro processor that is used automatically by the C compiler to transform your program before compilation. It is called a…

c++filt – Demangle C++ and Java symbols. Synopsisc++filt [-_|–strip-underscores]   [-n|–no-strip-underscores]   [-p|–no-params]   [-t|–types]   [-i|–no-verbose]   [-s format|–format=format]   [–help]  [–version]  [symbol…] DescriptionThe C++ and Java languages provide function overloading, which means that you can write many functions with the same name, providing that each function takes parameters of different types. In order to be able to distinguish these similarly named functions…

AS – the portable GNU assembler. Synopsisas [-a[cdghlns][=file]] [–alternate] [-D]  [–debug-prefix-map old=new]  [–defsym sym=val] [-f] [-g] [–gstabs]  [–gstabs+] [–gdwarf-2] [–help] [-I dir] [-J]  [-K] [-L] [–listing-lhs-width=NUM]  [–listing-lhs-width2=NUM] [–listing-rhs-width=NUM]  [–listing-cont-lines=NUM] [–keep-locals] [-o  objfile] [-R] [–reduce-memory-overheads] [–statistics]  [-v] [-version] [–version] [-W] [–warn]  [–fatal-warnings] [-w] [-x] [-Z] [@FILE]  [–target-help] [target-options]  [—|files …] Target Alpha options: [-mcpu] [-mdebug | -no-mdebug] [-relax] [-g] [-Gsize] [-F] [-32addr] Target ARC options: [-marc[5|6|7|8]] [-EB|-EL] Target ARM options: [-mcpu=processor[+extension…]] [-march=architecture[+extension…]] [-mfpu=floating-point-format] [-mfloat-abi=abi] [-meabi=ver] [-mthumb] [-EB|-EL] [-mapcs-32|-mapcs-26|-mapcs-float|  -mapcs-reentrant] [-mthumb-interwork] [-k] Target CRIS options: [–underscore | –no-underscore] [–pic] [-N] [–emulation=criself | –emulation=crisaout] [–march=v0_v10 | –march=v10 | –march=v32 | –march=common_v10_v32] Target D10V…

ar – create, modify, and extract from archives Synopsisar [-X32_64] [–]p[mod [relpos] [count]] archive [member…] DescriptionThe GNU ar program creates, modifies, and extracts from archives. An archive is a single file holding a collection of other files in a structure that makes it possible to retrieve the original individual files (called members of the archive)….

addr2line – convert addresses into file names and line numbers. Synopsisaddr2line [-b bfdname|–target=bfdname]     [-C|–demangle[=style]]     [-e filename|–exe=filename]     [-f|–functions] [-s|–basename]     [-i|–inlines]     [-j|–section=name]     [-H|–help] [-V|–version]     [addr addr …] Descriptionaddr2line translates addresses into file names and line numbers. Given an address in an executable or an offset in a section of a relocatable object, it uses the debugging information to figure out…

msort – sort records in complex ways Synopsismsort <options> [<input file>] Descriptionmsort is a program for sorting text files in sophisticated ways. It was developed initially for alphabetizing dictionaries of languages in which the ordering may be quite different from English but has many other uses. msort allows you to sort blocks of text delimited…

msmtp – An SMTP client SynopsisSendmail mode (default): msmtp [option…] [–] recipient… msmtp [option…] -t [–] [recipient…] Server information mode: msmtp [option…] –serverinfo Remote Message Queue Starting mode: msmtp [option…] –rmqs=host|@domain|#queueDescriptionIn the default sendmail mode, msmtp reads a mail from standard input and sends it to an SMTP server for delivery. In server information mode,…

msktutil – fetches and manages kerberos keytabs in an Active Directory environment Synopsismsktutil [command 1] [command 2] [command 3] … Descriptionmsktutil is a Unix/Linux keytab client for Microsoft Active Directory environments. This program is capable of creating accounts in Active Directory, adding service principals to those accounts, and creating local keytab files so that kerberizied…

msiexec – Wine MSI Installer Synopsismsiexec command {required parameter} [optional parameter]… Descriptionmsiexec is the Wine MSI installer, which is command line compatible with its Microsoft Windows counterpart. Install Options/i {package|productcode} [property=foobar] Install {package|productcode} with property=foobar. /a {package|productcode} [property=foobar] Install {package|productcode} in administrator (network) mode. /x {package|productcode} [property=foobar] Uninstall {package|productcode} with property=foobar. /uninstall {package|productcode} [property=foobar] Same as /x.Repair Options/f [p|o|e|d|c|a|u|m|s|v] {package|productcode} Repair an installation. Default options…

msiexec – Wine MSI Installer Synopsismsiexec command {required parameter} [optional parameter]… Descriptionmsiexec is the Wine MSI installer, which is command line compatible with its Microsoft Windows counterpart. Install Options/i {package|productcode} [property=foobar] Install {package|productcode} with property=foobar. /a {package|productcode} [property=foobar] Install {package|productcode} in administrator (network) mode. /x {package|productcode} [property=foobar] Uninstall {package|productcode} with property=foobar. /uninstall {package|productcode} [property=foobar] Same as /x.Repair Options/f [p|o|e|d|c|a|u|m|s|v] {package|productcode} Repair an installation. Default options…

mshowfat – shows FAT clusters allocated to file Note of warningThis manpage has been automatically generated from mtools’s texinfo documentation, and may not be entirely accurate or complete. See the end of this man page for details. DescriptionThe mshowfat command is used to display the FAT entries for a file. Syntax: mshowfat [-o offset] files …

mshortname – shows short name of a file Note of warningThis manpage has been automatically generated from mtools’s texinfo documentation, and may not be entirely accurate or complete. See the end of this man page for details. DescriptionThe mshortname command is used to display the short name of a file. Syntax: mshortname files  The shortname…

msh – nmh shell (and BBoard reader) Synopsis msh [-prompt string] [-scan | -noscan] [-topcur | -notopcur] [file] [-version] [-help]Statusmsh is deprecated and will be removed from the next nmh release. Descriptionmsh is an interactive program that implements a subset of the normal nmh commands operating on a single file in mmdf format. That is,…

msguntypot – update po files when a typo is fixed in pot file Synopsismsguntypot -o <old_pot> -n <new_pot> pofiles… DescriptionWhen you fix a trivial error which surely doesn’t affect translations (e.g. a typo) in a .pot file, you should unfuzzy the corresponding msgstr in the translated .po files to avoid so extra work to the…

msguniq – unify duplicate translations in message catalog Synopsismsguniq [OPTION] [INPUTFILE] DescriptionUnifies duplicate translations in a translation catalog. Finds duplicate translations of the same message ID. Such duplicates are invalid input for other programs like msgfmt, msgmerge or msgcat. By default, duplicates are merged together. When using the –repeated option, only duplicates are output, and…