cggevx.f (3) - Linux Manuals
NAME
cggevx.f -
SYNOPSIS
Functions/Subroutines
subroutine cggevx (BALANC, JOBVL, JOBVR, SENSE, N, A, LDA, B, LDB, ALPHA, BETA, VL, LDVL, VR, LDVR, ILO, IHI, LSCALE, RSCALE, ABNRM, BBNRM, RCONDE, RCONDV, WORK, LWORK, RWORK, IWORK, BWORK, INFO)
CGGEVX computes the eigenvalues and, optionally, the left and/or right eigenvectors for GE matrices
Function/Subroutine Documentation
subroutine cggevx (characterBALANC, characterJOBVL, characterJOBVR, characterSENSE, integerN, complex, dimension( lda, * )A, integerLDA, complex, dimension( ldb, * )B, integerLDB, complex, dimension( * )ALPHA, complex, dimension( * )BETA, complex, dimension( ldvl, * )VL, integerLDVL, complex, dimension( ldvr, * )VR, integerLDVR, integerILO, integerIHI, real, dimension( * )LSCALE, real, dimension( * )RSCALE, realABNRM, realBBNRM, real, dimension( * )RCONDE, real, dimension( * )RCONDV, complex, dimension( * )WORK, integerLWORK, real, dimension( * )RWORK, integer, dimension( * )IWORK, logical, dimension( * )BWORK, integerINFO)
CGGEVX computes the eigenvalues and, optionally, the left and/or right eigenvectors for GE matrices
Purpose:
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CGGEVX computes for a pair of N-by-N complex nonsymmetric matrices (A,B) the generalized eigenvalues, and optionally, the left and/or right generalized eigenvectors. Optionally, it also computes a balancing transformation to improve the conditioning of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors (ILO, IHI, LSCALE, RSCALE, ABNRM, and BBNRM), reciprocal condition numbers for the eigenvalues (RCONDE), and reciprocal condition numbers for the right eigenvectors (RCONDV). A generalized eigenvalue for a pair of matrices (A,B) is a scalar lambda or a ratio alpha/beta = lambda, such that A - lambda*B is singular. It is usually represented as the pair (alpha,beta), as there is a reasonable interpretation for beta=0, and even for both being zero. The right eigenvector v(j) corresponding to the eigenvalue lambda(j) of (A,B) satisfies A * v(j) = lambda(j) * B * v(j) . The left eigenvector u(j) corresponding to the eigenvalue lambda(j) of (A,B) satisfies u(j)**H * A = lambda(j) * u(j)**H * B. where u(j)**H is the conjugate-transpose of u(j).
Parameters:
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BALANC
BALANC is CHARACTER*1 Specifies the balance option to be performed: = 'N': do not diagonally scale or permute; = 'P': permute only; = 'S': scale only; = 'B': both permute and scale. Computed reciprocal condition numbers will be for the matrices after permuting and/or balancing. Permuting does not change condition numbers (in exact arithmetic), but balancing does.
JOBVLJOBVL is CHARACTER*1 = 'N': do not compute the left generalized eigenvectors; = 'V': compute the left generalized eigenvectors.
JOBVRJOBVR is CHARACTER*1 = 'N': do not compute the right generalized eigenvectors; = 'V': compute the right generalized eigenvectors.
SENSESENSE is CHARACTER*1 Determines which reciprocal condition numbers are computed. = 'N': none are computed; = 'E': computed for eigenvalues only; = 'V': computed for eigenvectors only; = 'B': computed for eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
NN is INTEGER The order of the matrices A, B, VL, and VR. N >= 0.
AA is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDA, N) On entry, the matrix A in the pair (A,B). On exit, A has been overwritten. If JOBVL='V' or JOBVR='V' or both, then A contains the first part of the complex Schur form of the "balanced" versions of the input A and B.
LDALDA is INTEGER The leading dimension of A. LDA >= max(1,N).
BB is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDB, N) On entry, the matrix B in the pair (A,B). On exit, B has been overwritten. If JOBVL='V' or JOBVR='V' or both, then B contains the second part of the complex Schur form of the "balanced" versions of the input A and B.
LDBLDB is INTEGER The leading dimension of B. LDB >= max(1,N).
ALPHAALPHA is COMPLEX array, dimension (N)
BETABETA is COMPLEX array, dimension (N) On exit, ALPHA(j)/BETA(j), j=1,...,N, will be the generalized eigenvalues. Note: the quotient ALPHA(j)/BETA(j) ) may easily over- or underflow, and BETA(j) may even be zero. Thus, the user should avoid naively computing the ratio ALPHA/BETA. However, ALPHA will be always less than and usually comparable with norm(A) in magnitude, and BETA always less than and usually comparable with norm(B).
VLVL is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDVL,N) If JOBVL = 'V', the left generalized eigenvectors u(j) are stored one after another in the columns of VL, in the same order as their eigenvalues. Each eigenvector will be scaled so the largest component will have abs(real part) + abs(imag. part) = 1. Not referenced if JOBVL = 'N'.
LDVLLDVL is INTEGER The leading dimension of the matrix VL. LDVL >= 1, and if JOBVL = 'V', LDVL >= N.
VRVR is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDVR,N) If JOBVR = 'V', the right generalized eigenvectors v(j) are stored one after another in the columns of VR, in the same order as their eigenvalues. Each eigenvector will be scaled so the largest component will have abs(real part) + abs(imag. part) = 1. Not referenced if JOBVR = 'N'.
LDVRLDVR is INTEGER The leading dimension of the matrix VR. LDVR >= 1, and if JOBVR = 'V', LDVR >= N.
ILOILO is INTEGER
IHIIHI is INTEGER ILO and IHI are integer values such that on exit A(i,j) = 0 and B(i,j) = 0 if i > j and j = 1,...,ILO-1 or i = IHI+1,...,N. If BALANC = 'N' or 'S', ILO = 1 and IHI = N.
LSCALELSCALE is REAL array, dimension (N) Details of the permutations and scaling factors applied to the left side of A and B. If PL(j) is the index of the row interchanged with row j, and DL(j) is the scaling factor applied to row j, then LSCALE(j) = PL(j) for j = 1,...,ILO-1 = DL(j) for j = ILO,...,IHI = PL(j) for j = IHI+1,...,N. The order in which the interchanges are made is N to IHI+1, then 1 to ILO-1.
RSCALERSCALE is REAL array, dimension (N) Details of the permutations and scaling factors applied to the right side of A and B. If PR(j) is the index of the column interchanged with column j, and DR(j) is the scaling factor applied to column j, then RSCALE(j) = PR(j) for j = 1,...,ILO-1 = DR(j) for j = ILO,...,IHI = PR(j) for j = IHI+1,...,N The order in which the interchanges are made is N to IHI+1, then 1 to ILO-1.
ABNRMABNRM is REAL The one-norm of the balanced matrix A.
BBNRMBBNRM is REAL The one-norm of the balanced matrix B.
RCONDERCONDE is REAL array, dimension (N) If SENSE = 'E' or 'B', the reciprocal condition numbers of the eigenvalues, stored in consecutive elements of the array. If SENSE = 'N' or 'V', RCONDE is not referenced.
RCONDVRCONDV is REAL array, dimension (N) If SENSE = 'V' or 'B', the estimated reciprocal condition numbers of the eigenvectors, stored in consecutive elements of the array. If the eigenvalues cannot be reordered to compute RCONDV(j), RCONDV(j) is set to 0; this can only occur when the true value would be very small anyway. If SENSE = 'N' or 'E', RCONDV is not referenced.
WORKWORK is COMPLEX array, dimension (MAX(1,LWORK)) On exit, if INFO = 0, WORK(1) returns the optimal LWORK.
LWORKLWORK is INTEGER The dimension of the array WORK. LWORK >= max(1,2*N). If SENSE = 'E', LWORK >= max(1,4*N). If SENSE = 'V' or 'B', LWORK >= max(1,2*N*N+2*N). If LWORK = -1, then a workspace query is assumed; the routine only calculates the optimal size of the WORK array, returns this value as the first entry of the WORK array, and no error message related to LWORK is issued by XERBLA.
RWORKRWORK is REAL array, dimension (lrwork) lrwork must be at least max(1,6*N) if BALANC = 'S' or 'B', and at least max(1,2*N) otherwise. Real workspace.
IWORKIWORK is INTEGER array, dimension (N+2) If SENSE = 'E', IWORK is not referenced.
BWORKBWORK is LOGICAL array, dimension (N) If SENSE = 'N', BWORK is not referenced.
INFOINFO is INTEGER = 0: successful exit < 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value. = 1,...,N: The QZ iteration failed. No eigenvectors have been calculated, but ALPHA(j) and BETA(j) should be correct for j=INFO+1,...,N. > N: =N+1: other than QZ iteration failed in CHGEQZ. =N+2: error return from CTGEVC.
Author:
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Univ. of Tennessee
Univ. of California Berkeley
Univ. of Colorado Denver
NAG Ltd.
Date:
- April 2012
Further Details:
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Balancing a matrix pair (A,B) includes, first, permuting rows and columns to isolate eigenvalues, second, applying diagonal similarity transformation to the rows and columns to make the rows and columns as close in norm as possible. The computed reciprocal condition numbers correspond to the balanced matrix. Permuting rows and columns will not change the condition numbers (in exact arithmetic) but diagonal scaling will. For further explanation of balancing, see section 4.11.1.2 of LAPACK Users' Guide. An approximate error bound on the chordal distance between the i-th computed generalized eigenvalue w and the corresponding exact eigenvalue lambda is chord(w, lambda) <= EPS * norm(ABNRM, BBNRM) / RCONDE(I) An approximate error bound for the angle between the i-th computed eigenvector VL(i) or VR(i) is given by EPS * norm(ABNRM, BBNRM) / DIF(i). For further explanation of the reciprocal condition numbers RCONDE and RCONDV, see section 4.11 of LAPACK User's Guide.
Definition at line 372 of file cggevx.f.
Author
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