The Linux Manuals (man pages) document is an important part of Linux documents. Linux Manuals are organized as several sections. Each section has a group of commands for a specific area in Linux usage, administration or development.
NAME rm – remove files or directories SYNOPSIS rm [,OPTION/]… [,FILE/]… DESCRIPTION This manual page documents the GNU version of rm. rm removes each specified file. By default, it does not remove directories. If the -I or –interactive=once option is given, and there are more than three files or the -r, -R, or –recursive are…
NAME ps – report a snapshot of the current processes. SYNOPSIS ps [,options/] DESCRIPTION ps displays information about a selection of the active processes. If you want a repetitive update of the selection and the displayed information, use top instead. This version of ps accepts several kinds of options: 1 UNIX options, which may be…
NAME mv – move (rename) files SYNOPSIS mv [,OPTION/]… [,-T/] ,SOURCE DEST/ mv [,OPTION/]… ,SOURCE/… ,DIRECTORY/ mv [,OPTION/]… ,-t DIRECTORY SOURCE/… DESCRIPTION Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. –backup[=,CONTROL/] make a backup of each existing destination file -b like –backup but…
NAME mkdir – make directories SYNOPSIS mkdir [,OPTION/]… ,DIRECTORY/… DESCRIPTION Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -m, –mode=,MODE/ set file mode (as in chmod), not a=rwx – umask -p, –parents no error if existing, make parent directories as needed -v, –verbose…
NAME less – opposite of more SYNOPSIS less -? less –help less -V less –version less [-[+]aABcCdeEfFgGiIJKLmMnNqQrRsSuUVwWX~] [-b space/] [-h lines/] [-j line/] [-k keyfile/] [-{oO} logfile/] [-p pattern/] [-P prompt/] [-t tag/] [-T tagsfile/] [-x tab/,…] [-y lines/] [-[z] lines/] [-# shift/] [+[+]cmd/] [–] [filename/]… (See the OPTIONS section for alternate option syntax with…
NAME kill – send a signal to a process SYNOPSIS kill [options] <pid> […] DESCRIPTION The default signal for kill is TERM. Use -l or -L to list available signals. Particularly useful signals include HUP, INT, KILL, STOP, CONT, and 0. Alternate signals may be specified in three ways: -9, -SIGKILL or -KILL. Negative PID…
NAME head – output the first part of files SYNOPSIS head [,OPTION/]… [,FILE/]… DESCRIPTION Print the first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output. With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Mandatory arguments to long options…
NAME gzip, gunzip, zcat – compress or expand files SYNOPSIS gzip [ -acdfhklLnNrtvV19 ] [-S suffix] [ name … ] gunzip [ -acfhklLnNrtvV ] [-S suffix] [ name … ] zcat [ -fhLV ] [ name … ] DESCRIPTION Gzip reduces the size of the named files using Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77). Whenever possible, each file…
NAME find – search for files in a directory hierarchy SYNOPSIS find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-D debugopts] [-Olevel] [starting-point…] [expression] DESCRIPTION This manual page documents the GNU version of find. GNU find searches the directory tree rooted at each given starting-point by evaluating the given expression from left to right, according to the rules of…
NAME diff – compare files line by line SYNOPSIS diff [OPTION]… FILES DESCRIPTION Compare FILES line by line. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. –normal output a normal diff (the default) -q, –brief report only when files differ -s, –report-identical-files report when two files are the same -c, -C NUM,…
NAME date – print or set the system date and time SYNOPSIS date [,OPTION/]… [,+FORMAT/] date [,-u|–utc|–universal/] [,MMDDhhmm/[[,CC/],YY/][,.ss/]] DESCRIPTION Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -d, –date=,STRING/ display time described by STRING, not ‘now’ –debug annotate the…
NAME cp – copy files and directories SYNOPSIS cp [,OPTION/]… [,-T/] ,SOURCE DEST/ cp [,OPTION/]… ,SOURCE/… ,DIRECTORY/ cp [,OPTION/]… ,-t DIRECTORY SOURCE/… DESCRIPTION Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -a, –archive same as -dR –preserve=,all/ –attributes-only don’t copy the file data,…
NAME chmod – change file mode bits SYNOPSIS chmod [,OPTION/]… ,MODE/[,,MODE/]… ,FILE/… chmod [,OPTION/]… ,OCTAL-MODE FILE/… chmod [,OPTION/]… ,–reference=RFILE FILE/… DESCRIPTION This manual page documents the GNU version of chmod. chmod changes the file mode bits of each given file according to mode, which can be either a symbolic representation of changes to make, or…
NAME bash – GNU Bourne-Again SHell SYNOPSIS bash [options] [command_string | file] COPYRIGHT Bash is Copyright (C) 1989-2020 by the Free Software Foundation, Inc. DESCRIPTION Bash is an sh-compatible command language interpreter that executes commands read from the standard input or from a file. Bash also incorporates useful features from the Korn and C shells…
strcpy, strncpy – copy a string Synopsis #include <string.h> char *strcpy(char *dest, const char *src); char *strncpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n); Description The strcpy() function copies the string pointed to by src, including the terminating null byte (‘\0’), to the buffer pointed to by dest. The strings may not overlap, and the destination…
NAME write – write to a file descriptor SYNOPSIS #include <unistd.h> ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count); DESCRIPTION write() writes up to count bytes from the buffer starting at buf to the file referred to by the file descriptor fd. The number of bytes written may be less than count if, for example,…
NAME read – read from a file descriptor SYNOPSIS #include <unistd.h> ssize_t read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count); DESCRIPTION read() attempts to read up to count bytes from file descriptor fd into the buffer starting at buf. On files that support seeking, the read operation commences at the file offset, and the file offset is…
NAME cat – concatenate files and print on the standard output SYNOPSIS cat [,OPTION/]… [,FILE/]… DESCRIPTION Concatenate FILE(s) to standard output. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. -A, –show-all equivalent to -vET -b, –number-nonblank number nonempty output lines, overrides -n -e equivalent to -vE -E, –show-ends display $ at end…
NAME stat, fstat, lstat, fstatat – get file status SYNOPSIS #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <unistd.h> int stat(const char *pathname, struct stat *statbuf); int fstat(int fd, struct stat *statbuf); int lstat(const char *pathname, struct stat *statbuf); #include <fcntl.h> /* Definition of AT_* constants */ #include <sys/stat.h> int fstatat(int dirfd, const char *pathname, struct stat *statbuf,…
NAME grep, egrep, fgrep, rgrep – print lines that match patterns SYNOPSIS grep [OPTION…] PATTERNS [FILE…] grep [OPTION…] -e PATTERNS … [FILE…] grep [OPTION…] -f PATTERN_FILE … [FILE…] DESCRIPTION grep searches for PATTERNS in each FILE. PATTERNS is one or more patterns separated by newline characters, and grep prints each line that matches a pattern….