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The Role of DEX Aggregators and Routers in Decentralized Trading

ByEric Ma

In the decentralized finance (DeFi) ecosystem, decentralized exchanges (DEXs) enable users to trade cryptocurrencies without intermediaries. However, with the growing number of DEXs offering varying levels of liquidity, fees, and trading pairs, navigating this landscape efficiently can be challenging. DEX aggregators and routers are tools designed to optimize trading, but they serve different purposes. This…

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Understanding Temporary Forks and Reorganization in Blockchain

ByEric Ma

Temporary forks and chain reorganizations (reorgs) are natural occurrences in decentralized blockchain systems. They arise due to the asynchronous nature of block propagation across the network. While temporary forks are short-lived and resolved quickly, chain reorganization refers to the process by which the blockchain discards one branch in favor of a longer or higher-priority chain….

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Understanding Bitcoin Transaction Structure: Legacy and Witness Versions

ByEric Ma

Bitcoin transactions are the backbone of the Bitcoin network, facilitating the transfer of value. Understanding their structure is essential for anyone interested in blockchain technology. This article delves into the details of both legacy and witness (SegWit) transaction structures. Basics of Bitcoin Transactions A Bitcoin transaction comprises inputs and outputs. Inputs are sources of funds,…

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A Comprehensive Guide to PGP: Technical Deep Dive

ByEric Ma

Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is a robust encryption program that ensures privacy and authentication for data communication. Developed by Phil Zimmermann in 1991, it’s widely used for securing emails, files, and directories. This article explores the technical details of PGP, including its algorithms, key management, and detailed processes for encryption, decryption, and signing. Cryptographic Foundations…

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Linear Consistency Model for Computer Systems

ByEric Ma

Linear consistency models are crucial in ensuring reliability and coherence in distributed computer systems. These models help manage how systems handle data and operations across multiple nodes, ensuring consistency without sacrificing performance. What is a Linear Consistency Model? In distributed computing, a linear consistency model ensures that operations on distributed data appear as if they…

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Comparing Paxos and Raft

ByEric Ma

Paxos and Raft are both consensus algorithms used to ensure consistency in distributed systems. While they solve similar problems, they have different approaches and design philosophies. Characteristics Paxos Roles: Proposers, Acceptors, Learners. Phases: Two main phases (Prepare/Promise and Propose/Accept). Leader Election: Not explicitly defined, often implemented using Multi-Paxos to handle multiple proposals efficiently. Use Cases:…

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Understanding the Paxos Consensus Algorithm

ByEric Ma

The Paxos consensus algorithm is a fundamental concept in distributed computing that ensures a group of distributed systems can agree on a single value, even in the presence of failures. Developed by Leslie Lamport, Paxos is widely used in systems where consistency and fault tolerance are critical, such as databases and distributed ledgers. Consensus Problem…

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Understanding the Raft Consensus Protocol

ByEric Ma

The Raft consensus protocol is a distributed consensus algorithm designed to be more understandable than other consensus algorithms like Paxos. It ensures that a cluster of servers can agree on the state of a system even in the presence of failures. Key Concepts Raft divides the consensus problem into three relatively independent subproblems: Leader Election:…

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Mapping Left Alt to Ctrl for Windows Keyboard to Be Similar to macOS

ByEric Ma

As a dedicated macOS user, I often find myself missing the convenience of having a Command key located near my thumb for common shortcuts when using Windows. In the standard Windows keyboard layout, the key that occupies the same position as the Command key on macOS is the Alt key. However, the equivalent key on…

Double-Spending 101

ByEthan Ainsworth

Double-spending is a critical issue that any digital currency must address to ensure its viability and security. In this post, we’ll explore the concept of double-spending, the problems it poses, and how blockchain technology overcomes these challenges. What is Double-Spending? Double-spending occurs when a user spends the same digital currency unit more than once. In…

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Understanding the Use of std::any in C++ with an Example

ByEthan Ainsworth

C++ std::any is a type-safe container for single values of any type. It is useful to put multiple types into a single container such as std::vector which requires all elements stored have the same “type”. It is a part of the C++17 standard library. This blog post will take a close look at a certain…

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Run-Time Type Identification (RTTI) in C++ with Detailed Examples

ByEthan Ainsworth

In this post, we will discuss Run-Time Type Identification (RTTI) in C++, a feature that allows us to obtain type information for objects at runtime. We will explore how RTTI works, its applications, and provide detailed examples to demonstrate its usage using snake_case naming convention. What is Run-Time Type Identification (RTTI)? Run-Time Type Identification (RTTI)…

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Decentralized Exchanges (DEX) vs. Centralized Exchanges (CEX): A Technical Comparison

ByEthan Ainsworth

Cryptocurrency exchanges have revolutionized the way we trade digital assets, with two main types of exchanges dominating the market: decentralized exchanges (DEX) and centralized exchanges (CEX). In this article, we’ll compare the DEX and CEX from a technical perspective. Decentralized Exchanges (DEX) DEX operate on a decentralized blockchain network, such as Ethereum, and are built…

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The Impact of Blockchain and Crypto Technologies on Global Financial Markets

ByBtcman.io

Welcome to the groundbreaking world of cryptocurrency and blockchain technologies! These cutting-edge technologies are shaking up the global financial environment and paving the path for a more transparent and decentralized future. Consider blockchain technology to be a digital counterpart of a ledger book. It is a secure and immutable digital ledger that records all transactions…

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Release Notes For Linux v2.0

ByTony

This is the release notes for linux release v2.0 (source code: linux-2.0.tar.gz) with format adjusted by removing/replacing tabs/spaces/new lines/formatting marks. This notes document can give us an understanding of the early development of the Linux kernel. The original ASCII formatted version is at the end of this post. Intro This document contains a list of…

Release Notes For Linux v0.95

ByTony

This is the release notes for linux release v0.95 (source code: linux-0.95.tar.gz) with format adjusted by removing/replacing tabs/spaces/new lines. This notes document can give us an understanding of the early development of the Linux kernel. The original ASCII formatted version is at the end of this post. RELEASE NOTES FOR LINUX v0.95 Linus Torvalds, March…

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Linux Kernel: Add support for using a MAX3421E chip as a host driver

ByTony

This change “Add support for using a MAX3421E chip as a host driver.” (commit 2d53139) in Linux kernel is authored by David Mosberger <davidm [at] egauge.net> on Mon Apr 28 22:14:07 2014 -0600. Description of “Add support for using a MAX3421E chip as a host driver.” The change “Add support for using a MAX3421E chip…