This is the release notes for linux release v0.12 (source code: linux-0.12.tar.gz) with format adjusted by removing/replacing tabs/spaces/new lines. This notes document can give us an understanding of the very initial development of the Linux kernel. Also check Notes for linux release 0.01. The original ASCII formatted version is at the end of this post….
This post summarizes Linux Kernel new features, bugfixes and changes in Linux 5.4.72 Release. Linux 5.4.72 Release contains 23 changes, patches or new features. In total, there are 126,508 lines of Linux source code changed/added in Linux 5.4.72 release compared to Linux 5.4 release. To view the source code of Linux 5.4.72 kernel release online,…
This change “Add support for using a MAX3421E chip as a host driver.” (commit 2d53139) in Linux kernel is authored by David Mosberger <davidm [at] egauge.net> on Mon Apr 28 22:14:07 2014 -0600. Description of “Add support for using a MAX3421E chip as a host driver.” The change “Add support for using a MAX3421E chip…
Git submodule is a nice and convenient mechanism in Git to include the other Git repositories and manage the version/commit used from the submodule Git repository. However, there are cases where we would like “reset” the submodule, such as when we find updating a submodule repository will break the code tree, or merge some updates…
We ever discussed How To Install R and RStudio Server in Ubuntu Linux 20.04. If the purpose is to install a local RStudio IDE instead of a remote RStudio Server, we can install RStudio Desktop. In this post, we introduce how to install R and RStudio Desktop on Ubuntu Linux 20.04. For other Ubuntu version,…
R is a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics, providing a wide variety of statistical and graphical techniques. The R environment is open source software under GPL. R has rich software packages and is widely used for statistical analysis. RStudio Server is an R integrated development environment (IDE) that provides many useful features…
This post summarizes new features, bugfixes and changes in Linux kernel release 4.19.70. Linux 4.19.70 Release contains 95 changes, patches or new features. In total, there are 101,521 lines of Linux source code changed/added in Linux 4.19.70 release compared to Linux 4.19 release. To view the source code of Linux 4.19.70 kernel release online, please…
DNF/YUM can automatically download the RPM packages and install them. Under some situations, we may prefer to make a copy of the RPM files for offline usage so that no need to have network connections to install the software packages. For such purposes, we need to make a copy of the RPM packages. It is…
Linux allows more than one users to log into the system to run processes/programs at the same time. In order to make this multi-user system work properly, Linux provides ways to isolate and protect users from each other and manage the permissions efficiently. One of the mechanism is user groups. Linux users may be grouped…
In Bash script, it is common that multiple small commands run together connected by pipes (|) and the whole command is quite long. For clarity, we may write the command in multiple lines. How to add comments for these long multi-line commands? In Bash, the content after # in a line is the comment. Using…
Querying transaction content out from a blockchain network is a common practice used by common scenarios like exploring the blockchain history or verifying the blockchain transaction content from a known ID. In Hyperledger Fabric, the transaction can be queried using a special system chaincode QSCC (Query System Chaincode) which is for ledger and other Fabric-related…
Hyperledger Fabric is a consortium blockchain system. It’s performance is relatively good and its modular architecture enables it to be usable in many scenarios. Hyperledger Fabric itself has rich documents and samples of test networks. For beginners, deploying a new network for trying and testing still consumes quite some time. In this post, we will…
grep is excellent to match patterns from STDOUT/text files in command line or scripts. It’s handy. Sometimes, our problem is more complex than finding a keyword from a file. On a first thought, it may sound impossible using grep for such complex problems. But grep can be quite powerful than we thought. Today, let’s check…
In Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, the default Go lang version is 1.10. For compatibility reason, the Ubuntu LTS will usually keep the major release version numbers for packages. However, many applications, such as Hyperledger Fabric 2.0, require a newer version of Go. In this post, let’s take a look at how to install a system level…
Bash (GNU Bourne-Again SHell) the default shell for many Linux distributions. It is very common for scripting languages in Linux. Bash is easy and straightforward for writing small tools. However, as most tools, it has its grammars that could easily cause bugs if they are not used correctly. Here I summarize a list of good…
VirtualBox is a nice open source virtual machine software. It works nicely on Linux and is supported by many Linux distros like Ubuntu in their official package repositories, so it is quite easy to set it up on Linux. The VMs can also be managed in command line using the vboxmanage command line tool provided…
`git log` only list all the commits in the current working branch. For some cases, we may want to list all the commits in a git repository. The `git log` command does not do this. But there are other supports in `git` that can do so. The command to list all commits is git rev-list…
RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman) is a widely used public-key cryptosystem that is used for secure communication over the internet. In this post, we will explore how to generate a pair of RSA private and public keys in Linux using the OpenSSL library. Generating a pair of RSA private and public keys in Linux using OpenSSL is a…
How to encrypt a file using openssl on Linux non-interactively? The passphrase shall be provied to openssl in a programmatic way instead of requesting the user to input it, so that the command may work in a regular cron job or some batch jobs. To encrypt file file.tgz and store it to file.tgz using aes-256-ebc…
How to cat a text file out from a compressed tar archive package without having to extracting the whole package? For example, I have a pkg.tar.gz which contains a text file pkg/readme.txt in it. How to cat the pkg/readme.txt file content out? You may use this command to cat out the file content: tar -O…