Tutorials and howtos on git configuration and usage.
If you’re running an older CentOS or RHEL system with Vim 7.4, upgrading to Vim 8 or later gives you modern features like async I/O, jobs API, terminal emulator support, and better plugin performance. Here are the practical approaches. Check Your Current Version $ vim –version VIM – Vi IMproved 7.4 (2013 Aug 10, compiled…
Bash has several native flags that help you trace and validate script execution before and during runtime. Trace mode (-x): Executes the script while printing each command before it runs. bash -x script.sh This prints expanded commands to stderr, showing variable substitution and command execution order. You can enable tracing for specific sections using set…
Linux powers most of the cloud infrastructure, supercomputers, and embedded systems globally. The field itself spans kernel development, system administration, performance tuning, networking, and DevOps. Researching systems effectively requires understanding where to look, what tools matter, and how to validate your findings against real-world constraints. Start With the Right Foundation Before diving into specific research,…
EncFS provides an encrypted filesystem in user space — files are encrypted on the fly and stored in an existing directory. It’s lighter than LUKS and doesn’t require root access or dedicated partitions. Here’s how to set it up on CentOS 6. Install EncFS EncFS is available from the EPEL repository: # Enable EPEL sudo…
[md] The RTL8192cu is a legacy USB WiFi adapter that’s still in use, but it has known stability issues on modern kernels. If your adapter keeps dropping connections or fails to resume after sleep, you’re likely hitting the same power management bug that affects many devices. ## Disable Power Management The most reliable workaround is…
aclocal is part of GNU Autotools and generates aclocal.m4 files needed by the autoconf build system. It’s typically required when working with projects that use traditional Autotools-based builds. Quick Install sudo dnf install automake The automake package provides aclocal, automake, and related utilities. Verify the Installation After installation, confirm aclocal is available: aclocal –version You…
SSH key management becomes critical when you’re handling multiple identities across different hosts. By default, ssh tries keys in a specific order, but you can explicitly configure which key to use for particular hosts through the SSH config file. Using ~/.ssh/config The cleanest approach is to define host-specific key configurations in ~/.ssh/config. This file lets…
When you initialize a new repository locally and try to push to GitHub or Bitbucket for the first time, you’ll likely encounter errors like: No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing. Perhaps you should specify a branch such as ‘master’. fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly This happens because your local repository…
To identify the developers who’ve contributed the most commits to a repository, use git log with some text processing: git log –format=’%aN’ | sort | uniq -c | sort -rn This returns a sorted list with commit counts and author names: 247 Paul Phillips 45 Dale Wijnand 12 Yamashita Yuu 10 Gilles Cornu 8 Josh…
Getting the full or abbreviated commit hash is essential for scripting, CI/CD pipelines, and version tracking. Here are the standard approaches. Full commit SHA-1 To retrieve the complete commit hash of the current HEAD: git rev-parse HEAD This outputs the full 40-character SHA-1 hash. It works in any Git repository state and is reliable for…
Writing a master thesis means protecting years of work. You need to handle three core concerns: preventing data loss from hardware failure or malware, ensuring 24/7 access to your work, and keeping it private until publication. The solution is version control with remote backup. Git provides local history and recovery, while a private remote repository…
The git diff –word-diff output is clean and readable for tracking changes at the word level instead of line-by-line. If you need that functionality outside a git repository—or just want a standalone tool—wdiff is purpose-built for exactly this. Using wdiff for word-level diffs wdiff compares two files word by word, where a word is defined…
When pushing to GitHub over HTTPS, you’ll see: error: The requested URL returned error: 403 Forbidden while accessing https://github.com/username/repo.git fatal: HTTP request failed This means Git connected to GitHub successfully, but your credentials were rejected. Common causes: Expired or revoked Personal Access Token (PAT) Using a password instead of a PAT (GitHub disabled password auth…
The TP-LINK T2U is a USB WiFi adapter based on the MediaTek MT7650U chipset. While Linux kernel support has improved significantly, you may still need to manually compile drivers on some distributions. This guide covers installation on modern Fedora and RHEL-based systems. Check if your adapter is already supported First, plug in the adapter and…
The free command—along with ps, top, kill, pgrep, and dozens of other system utilities—is maintained as part of the procps-ng project. Source repository The source code is hosted at: https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps You can clone it with: git clone https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps.git cd procps Most distributions package procps-ng, so you likely already have it installed. You can verify the…
The git status command shows repository state visually, but when you need to detect it programmatically in bash — say, to fail a CI pipeline or prevent deployments — you need a different approach. Quick Method: Check Unstaged Changes The most reliable way to detect uncommitted changes is with git diff: if [[ -n $(git…
When you need the commit hash of the latest commit, there are several ways to get it. The most direct approach is using git log with format options rather than parsing output with grep. Using git log with –format The cleanest method is to use git log with the –format option: git log -1 –format=”%H”…
A 403 Forbidden error when running git push means your credentials aren’t valid or you lack permission to access the repository. This is one of the most common Git frustrations, but it’s usually fixable once you understand what’s actually happening. Why 403 Errors Happen Your authentication method has expired or been revoked Your GitHub Personal…
When you fork a repository on GitHub or GitLab, your copy diverges from the original as upstream maintainers merge new changes. To keep your fork current, you need to regularly sync it with the upstream repository. Setting up the upstream remote First, check your current remotes: git remote -v You’ll see origin (your fork). Add…
YouCompleteMe’s installation script fails on Fedora with a CMake error about missing PYTHON_LIBRARIES and PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIRS, even when Python is already installed. The error looks like this: CMake Error at /usr/share/cmake/Modules/FindPythonLibs.cmake:201 Could NOT find PythonLibs (missing: PYTHON_LIBRARIES PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIRS) The issue is that you have the Python runtime libraries installed but not the development headers needed for…