In Bash script, it is common that multiple small commands run together connected by pipes (|) and the whole command is quite long. For clarity, we may write the command in multiple lines. How to add comments for these long multi-line commands? In Bash, the content after # in a line is the comment. Using
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Tag: Command
How to Query Transaction By ID in Hyperledger Fabric 2.0
Posted onQuerying transaction content out from a blockchain network is a common practice used by common scenarios like exploring the blockchain history or verifying the blockchain transaction content from a known ID. In Hyperledger Fabric, the transaction can be queried using a special system chaincode QSCC (Query System Chaincode) which is for ledger and other Fabric-related
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How to Install Hyperledger Fabric 2.0 in Ubuntu 18.04
Posted onHyperledger Fabric is a consortium blockchain system. It’s performance is relatively good and its modular architecture enables it to be usable in many scenarios. Hyperledger Fabric itself has rich documents and samples of test networks. For beginners, deploying a new network for trying and testing still consumes quite some time. In this post, we will
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Grep 2 Lines using `grep` Command in Linux
Posted ongrep is excellent to match patterns from STDOUT/text files in command line or scripts. It’s handy. Sometimes, our problem is more complex than finding a keyword from a file. On a first thought, it may sound impossible using grep for such complex problems. But grep can be quite powerful than we thought. Today, let’s check
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How to Install Go 1.13.x on Ubuntu 18.04
Posted onIn Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, the default Go lang version is 1.10. For compatibility reason, the Ubuntu LTS will usually keep the major release version numbers for packages. However, many applications, such as Hyperledger Fabric 2.0, require a newer version of Go. In this post, let’s take a look at how to install a system level
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Bash Learning Materials
Posted onBash (GNU Bourne-Again SHell) the default shell for many Linux distributions. It is very common for scripting languages in Linux. Bash is easy and straightforward for writing small tools. However, as most tools, it has its grammars that could easily cause bugs if they are not used correctly. Here I summarize a list of good
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How to list and start VirtualBox VMs in command line in Linux?
Posted onVirtualBox is a nice open source virtual machine software. It works nicely on Linux and is supported by many Linux distros like Ubuntu in their official package repositories, so it is quite easy to set it up on Linux. The VMs can also be managed in command line using the vboxmanage command line tool provided
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How to list all commits in a git repository
Posted on`git log` only list all the commits in the current working branch. For some cases, we may want to list all the commits in a git repository. The `git log` command does not do this. But there are other supports in `git` that can do so. The command to list all commits is git rev-list
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How to encrypt a file using openssl on Linux non-interactively?
Posted onHow to encrypt a file using openssl on Linux non-interactively? The passphrase shall be provied to openssl in a programmatic way instead of requesting the user to input it, so that the command may work in a regular cron job or some batch jobs. To encrypt file file.tgz and store it to file.tgz using aes-256-ebc
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Xen: VM failed to boot
Posted onQuestion: Hello, I am using Xen on Centos 7 and it was working fine from last 3 years. After I reboot the VM I am getting below error: “dracut-initqueue[270]: Warning: dracut-initqueue timeout – starting timeout scripts” “[ 195.426203] dracut-initqueue[270]: Warning: Could not boot. [ 195.435712] dracut-initqueue[270]: Warning: /dev/centos_static/root does not exist [ 195.436499] dracut-initqueue[270]: Warning:
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How to cat a text file out from a tar archive without having to extracting it?
Posted onHow to cat a text file out from a compressed tar archive package without having to extracting the whole package? For example, I have a pkg.tar.gz which contains a text file pkg/readme.txt in it. How to cat the pkg/readme.txt file content out? You may use this command to cat out the file content: tar -O
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How to mirror a website using wget on Linux?
Posted onHow to mirror a website using wget on Linux? If the command can filter only specific file extensions, such as pdf and docx, it will be much better too. To download all PDF files from https://example.org/path/ as an example, you may use this command: wget –mirror \ –convert-links –no-parent –quiet \ –adjust-extension -A pdf \
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5 necessary PC hardware that a programmer needs to upgrade
Posted onThe world of technology has evolved drastically over the last few decades. Almost every aspect of our lives is dominated by technology. At the heart of technology lies computer programming. Computer programming is what dictates the success of the technology. I mean think about it, your smartphone, PC, ETC they all rely on programming. This
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New Linux Kernel 5.0: Features and Improvements
Posted onLinux is the most used and well-known open-source operating system for computers, mobile devices, servers, and mainframes, etc. Linux has so many awesome features to serve its users like Live CD/USB. And it is fast, easy and free to use by computers around the world. The kernel is referred to as the essential component of
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How to write to remote side with sudo in rsync?
Posted onHere is the case, the user can not write directly to the remote side’s directory, while the user can sudo on the remote side and write the directory with sudo. How to write to remote side with sudo in rsync? On the source machine, run the rsync command with –rsync-path="sudo rsync" added. For example, rsync
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How to write file content with sudo in Vim?
Posted onVim opens file even if the user does bot have write permission to the file. But after revision, how to write file content with sudo in Vim if Vim reports no permission to write the file. Use this command inside of vim to write to the file with sudo: :w !sudo tee % Here, !
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How to do screen recording on Wayland in Linux?
Posted onHow to do screen recording on Wayland in Linux? Many screen recorders do not work on the new Wayland. Using Green Recorder You may try Green Recorder which supports Wayland. Note: Green Recorder is no longer under development by the original author (Please check the project README for more details). It still works well for
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How to enlarge root partition and filesystem size of cloud Linux VM at runtime without rebooting Linux
Posted onIt is common that the root disk space is not enough when running a Virtual Machine in the cloud such as Amazon Web Service (AWS). The cloud storage usually provides tools or facilities to enlarge a virtual disk size. However, to make the Linux recognize and and use the enlarged disks without rebooting the OS,
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How to get date and time using date command from another timezone in Linux?
Posted ondate command on Linux gets the date and time in the system timezone. But how to get date and time using date command from another timezone in Linux? You can make date print the time of another timezone by setting the TZ environment variable. For example, export TZ=Hongkong; date Sat Dec 1 09:39:13 HKT 2018
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Installing Zlib Library in Ubuntu Linux
Posted onOn Ubuntu (18.04 and 20.04), installing zlib reported unable to locate package zlib: $ sudo apt install zlib Reading package lists… Done Building dependency tree Reading state information… Done E: Unable to locate package zlib How to install zlib in Ubuntu? Install zlib in Ubuntu from Ubuntu package repo In Ubuntu, the zlib package is
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