In C, how to get the epoch timestamp, the number of seconds passed since the epoch? In C, from man 7 time: UNIX systems represent time in seconds since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC). A program can determine the calendar time using gettimeofday(2), which returns time (in seconds and microseconds) that have elapsed since…
In C++, how to process a file line by line? The file is a plain text line like input.txt. As an example, the process can be to just print it out. In C++, you may open a input stream on the file and use the std::getline() function from the <string> to read content line by…
Since there is no glibc wrapper for ioprio_set in linux c, we need to call this API with some definition. Using syscall in linux as follows. syscall(SYS_ioprio_set, IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, pid, IOPRIO_PRIO_CLASS(IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE)); Some other definitions to declare above macros. 69 enum { 70 IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE, 71 IOPRIO_CLASS_RT, 72 IOPRIO_CLASS_BE, 73 IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE, 74 }; 75 76 enum { 77…
Before reading or writing a file, access should be checked first. How to detect whether a file is readable and writable in Python? You can use the os.access(path, mode) library function https://docs.python.org/release/2.6.6/library/os.html#os.access like the Linux access library function for C. It returns True if access is allowed, False if not. For readable and writable, you…
Sometimes, we may want to know the specific benchmark can cause what kind of VM exits. 1, Install perf. 2, # perf kvm stat record -a ^C 3, # perf kvm stat report This will report your VM exit numbers and what kind of operation lead to VM exit. You may need to compare many…
When we create VMs in KVM, we may don’t know the IP addresses because they are automatically assigned by DHCP. So we want to get them in VMM so that can login by SSH. Do the commands as follows. $ virsh domiflist hvm1 Interface Type Source Model MAC ——————————————————- vnet0 network default virtio 52:54:00:1c:36:cd $…
If we want to change the tick time for Linux Kernel, we need to change CONFIG_HZ parameter in Linux Kernel. Do we have other better ways to change it rather than compiling Linux Kernel. Please ignore the way to add ‘divider=10’ in grub config file because it is limited only for RH/CentOS distros. Zhiqiang, please…
PARSEC is the most important CPU-bound benchmark for systems. It is huge and hard to install because it needs lots of 3-part libs. PARSEC download link for 3.0 version: http://parsec.cs.princeton.edu/download.htm#parsec I remembered I added the answer yesterday night but I could not see the answer currently. Anyway, let me add the answer again after I…
How to grep a tab on Linux? Including ‘t’ seems not working. grep can grep tabs. The problem is likely the tab is not passed to grep. If you are using Bash, you can use ANSI-C quoting to pass the “tab” to grep: $ grep $’t’ file.txt Or, use Perl-style regex (only for GNU grep)…
How to get the $PATH environment variables of another user in Bash on Linux? The current user running the Bash script is root. If the scripts is run by root, this piece of code will store the PATH from the environment of the user user1: user1path=$(su – $user1 -c env | grep ^PATH= | cut…
How to get the top committers in git? Like in github: But plain text is fine showing number of commits and author names/emails sorted by the number of commits. You may use this command: git log | grep Author | sort | uniq -c | sort -n -r Here, count the number of commits by…
How to get the latest git commit SHA-1 id in a repository? And how to get the first 8 digits of the SHA-1? Instead of the method introduced here, you may use $ git rev-parse HEAD to get the commit SHA-1 hash ID. If you want to get the first 8 digits only, use $…
`xargs` passes the argument once to the utility command specified. For example, xargs cat will cat every line passed to xargs. But how to use the xargs argument twice in the command on Linux? For example, to rename file to file.bak where file is from the stdin. One solution is to write a small script like…
stop-dfs.sh report that there are no datanodes running on some nodes like hdfs-node-000208: no datanode to stop However, there are DataNode process running there. How to clean these processes on many (100s) of nodes? You may use this piece of bash script: for i in `cat hadoop/etc/hadoop/slaves`; do echo $i; ssh $i ‘jps | grep…
What’s the maximum number of mmap()‘ed ranges that a process can makes and how to set the limits on Linux? I have a program that mmap()s and mprotect()s lots ranges. After allocating many ranges, mprotect() starts to fail with ENOMEM error number. From the man page, ENOMEM means 2 possible problems: ENOMEM Internal kernel structures…
When you write your master thesis (in Chinese) on windows, you may have following worries. a, Be afraid your master thesis is lost (or can not be accessed) when hard disk/udisk is broken (or something other viruses). b, Keep master thesis availability (7×24) and safety. c, Do not want anyone else to access it before…
This post introduces a key presser on Linux with xvkb. But how to simulate pressing multiple keys together on Linux? That is, I would like to have multiple keys such as “A” “B” “C” “D” pressed together and being hold. How to simulate this on Linux with programs/commands? You can make use of xdotool (xdotool:…
How to cut by multiple spaces in Linux? For example, if I get a string like a b c d where the spaces among the fields are not decided. How to get the four fields a, b, c and d out? Here, we take getting ‘b’ (the 2nd field) as the example. You can first…
How to get a file’s size in Python from the full path of a file? You can use this piece of Python code: os.path.getsize(file_path) It returns the size in bytes. It raises os.error if the file does not exist or is inaccessible. Manual of os.path.getsize(): https://docs.python.org/2/library/os.path.html#os.path.getsize
I would like to open files by open() directly. But how to get a FILE pointer from a file descriptor in C on Linux? And how to do the reverse direction: get a file descriptor from a FILE pointer? Get a FILE pointer from a file descriptor (e.g. fd) in C on Linux: FILE *file…